As written in [@adriansyahConformanceCheckingUsing2011]: “Conformance checking measures how good a model of a process is with respect to an event log that records the executions of the process.”
This is needed because business processes become always more complex and important, but studies showed that the actual models often deviate from the real process.
There are many methods to perform conformance checking, such as Trace Alignment.
tags: business-process