In a database, the primary key uniquely identifies each record in a table.

A table can have only one primary key; and in the table, this primary key can consist of single or multiple columns (fields).

Important

Primary keys cannot contain NULL values.

CREATE TABLE Person (  
    ID int NOT NULL,  
    LastName varchar(255NOT NULL,  
    FirstName varchar(255),  
    Age int,  
    PRIMARY KEY (ID)  
);

We are creating a Person table where the primary key is the ID. We can identify a person with its ID, since we know there won’t be any other row with the same ID.

Note

If we try to add a new row with the same primary key as an already existing row, we will get an error from the DBMS.

CREATE TABLE Persons (  
    LastName varchar(255NOT NULL,  
    FirstName varchar(255),  
    Age int,  
    CONSTRAINT PK_Person PRIMARY KEY (FirstName, LastName)  
);

If we assume that the database won’t ever contains people with the same first and last name, we can make the tuple (FirstName, LastName) a primary key.


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